#78400A

sRGB: 120 / 64 / 10

Wandering spirits illuminate hidden paths
Sleeping valleys fade beyond remembrance
Lost whispers illuminate hidden worlds

#78400A belongs to the orange family. Its hex code tells a screen to mix 120 red, 64 green and 10 blue on a scale of 0 to 255. On the HSL wheel, hue is a position around a circle: 29.5° lands in the orange region. Its 84.6% saturation makes it strong in color at this lightness. HSL lightness is 25.5% on a scale from black (0%) to white (100%). Of black and white lettering, white has the clearer light-to-dark separation on this background (8.28:1), which helps the shapes of letters stand out.

Color conversions

sRGB (8-bit): 120, 64, 10
HSL: 29.45°, 84.62%, 25.49%
HSV / HSB: 29.45°, 91.67%, 47.06%
CMYK (approx.): 0.00%, 46.67%, 91.67%, 52.94%
CIE XYZ (D65, Y = 100 for white): 9.634, 7.682, 1.263
CIELAB (D65, 2° observer): 33.312, 20.572, 39.755
WCAG relative luminance: 0.07682
24-bit decimal: 7880714

CMYK uses a profile-free approximation. Printed output depends on the press, ink and paper. Lab uses a D65 white point.

Text contrast

Contrast tells you how clearly lettering separates from #78400A in light and dark. The ratio compares relative luminance, a measure of light weighted for human vision. Identical colors give 1:1 and black against white gives 21:1. A ratio of 2.99:1 falls just below the 3:1 AA minimum for large text. Body text needs at least 4.5:1 because its finer strokes are harder to distinguish.

Black text: 2.54:1

Normal text: Fail
Large text: Fail

White text: 8.28:1

Normal text: AAA
Large text: AAA

AA and AAA are WCAG accessibility levels. AAA sets a higher bar: 7:1 for normal text and 4.5:1 for large text. Large text begins at 18 pt regular or 14 pt bold. Ratings use the unrounded ratio.

Reference: WCAG text contrast guidance

Palettes & scales

Harmonies rotate the hue. Scales mix the starting color with white, black or middle gray in 20% steps in encoded sRGB.

Complementary

#0A4278 sits half a turn (180°) from #78400A on the HSL wheel. Keeping saturation and lightness steady while crossing to the opposite hue gives you a contrasting accent. Check text contrast separately before using the pair for lettering.

#78400A #0A4278

Analogous

#780A0B and #78770A sit 30° to either side of #78400A. The three hues are neighbors on the wheel, so you can change the color of a border or highlight while keeping it close to the original.

#780A0B #78400A #78770A

Triadic

#78400A, #0A7840 and #400A78 are spaced 120° apart, forming a triangle on the wheel. Try one for the main color and the other two for accents.

#78400A #0A7840 #400A78

Split complementary

Start at #78400A and look across the wheel. #0A7877 and #0A0B78 sit 30° to either side of its exact opposite, giving you two different accent choices.

#78400A #0A7877 #0A0B78

Square

Starting with #78400A, each quarter turn (90°) takes you to the next hue: #0B780A, #0A4278, then #770A78. Across the square, #78400A pairs with #0A4278, and #0B780A with #770A78.

#78400A #0B780A #0A4278 #770A78

Tetradic

#78400A and #0A4278 are opposites, as are #42780A and #400A78. Together they form a rectangle on the wheel, with alternating gaps of 60° and 120°.

#78400A #42780A #0A4278 #400A78

Tints

Mixing #78400A with white in 20% steps produces this scale. The first mixture, #93663B, keeps 80% of the original. By #E4D9CE, the mixture is 80% white.

#78400A #93663B #AE8C6C #C9B39D #E4D9CE #FFFFFF

Shades

Mixing #78400A with black in 20% steps produces this scale. The first mixture, #603308, keeps 80% of the original. By #180D02, the mixture is 80% black.

#78400A #603308 #482606 #301A04 #180D02 #000000

Tones

Mixing #78400A with middle gray in 20% steps produces this scale. The first mixture, #7A4D22, keeps 80% of the original. By #7E7368, the mixture is 80% middle gray.

#78400A #7A4D22 #7B5A39 #7D6651 #7E7368 #808080

Copy color codes

Hex, RGB and HSL are three ways to write this screen color. Paste any of them into a CSS color property.

Hex

#78400A

RGB

rgb(120 64 10)

HSL

hsl(29.455 84.615% 25.490%)

CSS example

.color-sample {
  background-color: #78400A;
  color: #FFFFFF;
}

Channel breakdown

RGB

#78400A uses 120 red, 64 green and 10 blue. Each bar shows how much of that channel’s 0–255 range the screen uses.

Red 47.1%

Green 25.1%

Blue 3.9%

CMYK

A simple CMYK estimate for #78400A is 0.0% cyan, 46.7% magenta, 91.7% yellow and 52.9% black. These are ink amounts; a printer profile is needed to predict the result on paper.

Cyan 0.0%

Magenta 46.7%

Yellow 91.7%

Black 52.9%

Nearby colors

The nearest shorthand match is #774411. Its matching digit pairs let you write it as #741 in CSS. For a modern design, keep #78400A when you want an exact match. Use its web-safe neighbor, #663300, when matching a legacy palette of 216 colors.

Nearest shorthand: #774411 Nearest web-safe: #663300

Gradient to complement

#78400A #66401C #53412F #414141 #2F4153 #1C4266 #0A4278

Color vision previews

Compare how #78400A appears in each simulation. When two chart lines or status indicators become hard to tell apart, a label, shape or line pattern gives readers another way to distinguish them. Individual perception varies.

Protanopia

A red–green color vision deficiency. Without a distinct response from long-wavelength cones, some reds and greens can look alike, and reds can appear darker.

#514600

Deuteranopia

A red–green color vision deficiency. Without a distinct response from medium-wavelength cones, some greens can be difficult to distinguish from reds or browns.

#5E530A

Tritanopia

A blue–yellow color vision deficiency. Without a distinct response from short-wavelength cones, blue can resemble green, and yellow can resemble pink.

#843336

Protanomaly (50%)

An altered long-wavelength cone response can make reds appear dimmer and harder to distinguish from greens. This swatch shows the model’s halfway setting.

#614603

Deuteranomaly (50%)

An altered medium-wavelength cone response can reduce the visible difference between reds and greens. This swatch shows the model’s halfway setting.

#664D08

Tritanomaly (50%)

An altered short-wavelength cone response can make blue harder to distinguish from green. This swatch shows the model’s halfway setting.

#793E22

Grayscale (luminance)

This design check removes hue and preserves relative luminance so you can compare light and dark areas.

#4E4E4E

Partial grayscale (50% blend)

This design check mixes the original color halfway toward its grayscale equivalent in linear light. Use it to see how a design holds up as color fades.

#664838

Reference: National Eye Institute: Types of Color Vision Deficiency

Technical reference

CAM16 and CIECAM02 below assume D65 white, an average surround, background Y of 20 against white at 100, and adapting luminance of 4.07 cd/m².

Linear sRGB

These channels scale with emitted light. Use them for lighting calculations and physically meaningful blends.

R 0.18782 G 0.05127 B 0.00304

Display P3

P3 displays can reproduce a wider range of reds and greens. These coordinates reproduce this same sRGB swatch on a color-managed P3 display.

R 0.44118 G 0.26197 B 0.09779

Linear Display P3

These P3 channels are proportional to light, before display encoding.

R 0.16358 G 0.05580 B 0.00968

CIE xyY

The x and y coordinates locate chromaticity on a diagram. Y gives relative luminance on a scale where white is 100.

x 0.519 y 0.414 Y 7.682

CMY

Ideal cyan, magenta and yellow are the complements of the encoded red, green and blue channels.

C % 52.941 M % 74.902 Y % 96.078

Binary RGB

Each eight-bit group represents one channel. Together they store the 24-bit hex color.

01111000 01000000 00001010